Exposición al uso de pantallas y calidad del sueño en adolescentes: revisión sistemática 2020–2026
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59602/cys.v4i3.94Palabras clave:
tiempo de pantalla, calidad del sueño, adolescente, estudiante de secundaria, medios socialesResumen
El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue sintetizar la evidencia publicada entre 2020 y 2026 sobre las diferencias en la calidad del sueño entre estudiantes de bachillerato con alta exposición a pantallas y aquellos con exposición baja o moderada. Para ello, se realizaron búsquedas en Scopus, PubMed y Taylor & Francis, conforme al marco PECO y la declaración PRISMA 2020. Después de aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad, se incluyeron 30 estudios primarios, cuya calidad metodológica se examinó mediante el Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Debido a la heterogeneidad de los diseños, exposiciones y resultados, se efectuó una síntesis narrativa. De los estudios incluidos, 19 (63,3 %) informaron resultados predominantemente adversos, ocho (26,7 %) presentaron hallazgos mixtos y tres (10,0 %) comunicaron resultados nulos. Las asociaciones más consistentes correspondieron al uso nocturno, dentro de la cama, después de la hora prevista para dormir o tras despertares, así como al uso problemático o compulsivo. Estas prácticas se relacionaron principalmente con menor duración, inicio tardío, peor calidad del sueño, insomnio y somnolencia diurna. Se concluye que el riesgo para el descanso adolescente depende más del momento, forma e intensidad del uso que del tiempo total de exposición considerado aisladamente.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Ángel Patricio Herrera Carrión, Jorge Eduardo Llorenti Chavez, Sonia Elvira Bosquez Orozco , Jesús Santiago Jumbo Jima
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
